Effect of Fatigue on Hong Kong’s Franchised Bus Captains

Fatigue among bus captains poses a serious challenge in public transportation, impacting road safety and driver well-being. This research explores physiological indicators of bus captain fatigue in Hong Kong’s franchised bus system, aiming to develop practical, evidence-based measures that improve both working conditions and safety standards.
The study examines the interplay between bus captains' work schedules, sleep patterns, and fatigue. Using an interdisciplinary approach, wearable devices were applied to track sleep quality and physiological indicators, providing real-time data on bus captains' physiological states. Computer vision techniques monitored eye blink patterns and driving behaviors, while questionnaires captured each captain's subjective experiences—including perceived rest levels and stress. Statistical analyses were applied to identify critical patterns and correlations among these factors. By integrating real-time data including eye blink frequency, eye blink duration, heart rate variability (HRV) with driver feedback and driving behaviors, the study provides a comprehensive view of how fatigue is associated with change of physiological indicators and how it affects bus captains' driving behaviors. These findings inform policy recommendations and innovative measures, including restructured work schedules, improved rest periods, and technology-driven fatigue-monitoring systems.
The study contributes to safer public transportation and better working conditions in Hong Kong’s franchised bus services. Reducing fatigue not only benefits bus captains’ health but also enhances the overall safety and reliability of the public transit system.